{"id":23867,"date":"2024-11-25T15:27:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-25T14:27:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/?p=23867"},"modified":"2025-03-11T21:08:01","modified_gmt":"2025-03-11T20:08:01","slug":"ako-rozpoznat-podvodny-web-na-prvy-pohlad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2024\/11\/ako-rozpoznat-podvodny-web-na-prvy-pohlad\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead rozpozna\u0165 podvodn\u00fd web? Tu je v\u00e1\u0161 n\u00e1vod"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\"><b>Doba \u010d\u00edtania:<\/b><\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 6<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">min.<\/span><\/span>\n<p><em>Predstavte si, \u017ee ste na\u0161li skvel\u00fd inzertn\u00fd port\u00e1l alebo e-shop. Tie ceny, v\u00fdber, referencie&#8230; No, nek\u00fap to! Ve\u010f u\u0161etr\u00ed\u0161 a\u017e 70 % \u0161tandardnej ceny. Vyzer\u00e1 to a\u017e moc dobre? Tak rad\u0161ej zbystrite pozornos\u0165. A to sk\u00f4r, ako takejto str\u00e1nke zad\u00e1te svoje \u00fadaje, najm\u00e4 platobnej karty.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aj ke\u010f nie v\u0161etko, \u010do vyzer\u00e1 podozrivo dobre, je automaticky podvod, pre\u010do riskova\u0165? Ak to podcen\u00edte, m\u00f4\u017eete pr\u00eds\u0165 o peniaze, ktor\u00e9 ste za \u201e\u00fa\u017easn\u00fd tovar\u201c zaplatili. V lep\u0161om pr\u00edpade. V tom hor\u0161om v\u00e1m m\u00f4\u017ee podvodn\u00edk kompletne \u201evybieli\u0165\u201c bankov\u00fd \u00fa\u010det alebo v\u00e1m rovno ukradn\u00fa\u0165 identitu.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po\u010fme sa pozrie\u0165 na z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 a jednoduch\u00e9 <strong>znaky, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu nazna\u010dova\u0165 podvodn\u00fa str\u00e1nku<\/strong>. Po pre\u010d\u00edtan\u00ed tohto \u010dl\u00e1nku si ich budete vedie\u0165 v\u0161imn\u00fa\u0165 a overi\u0165 na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u010co je podvodn\u00e1 webov\u00e1 str\u00e1nka?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V podstate ide o web, ktor\u00fd sa tv\u00e1ri, \u017ee je nie\u010d\u00edm, \u010d\u00edm nie je. A v skuto\u010dnosti je vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd najm\u00e4 na \u00fa\u010dely vyl\u00e1kania citliv\u00fdch \u00fadajov prostredn\u00edctvom soci\u00e1lneho in\u017einierstva alebo jeho cie\u013e je infikovanie po\u010d\u00edta\u010da malv\u00e9rom. O r\u00f4znych technik\u00e1ch soci\u00e1lneho in\u017einierstva ste sa u\u017e dozvedeli <a href=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2021\/04\/ako-sa-branit-proti-phishingu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">v na\u0161om \u010dl\u00e1nku o phishingu<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6 znakov, ktor\u00e9 si mus\u00edm v\u0161imn\u00fa\u0165 ako prv\u00e9<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Nau\u010dte sa v prvom rade skontrolova\u0165 t\u00fdchto 6 znakov:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 znaky&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>URL adresa (adresa webovej str\u00e1nky) by sa mala za\u010d\u00edna\u0165 <strong>https:\/\/<\/strong>, ako napr\u00edklad &nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.websupport.sk<\/a>. P\u00edsmeno \u201es\u201c na konci znamen\u00e1 \u201esecure\u201c, teda zabezpe\u010den\u00e1. Vtedy viete, \u017ee va\u0161a komunik\u00e1cia so str\u00e1nkou je \u0161ifrovan\u00e1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Symbol z\u00e1mo\u010dku n\u00e1jdete v riadku prehliada\u010da na\u013eavo od URL adresy. Kliknut\u00edm na z\u00e1mo\u010dek si viete skontrolova\u0165 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fd certifik\u00e1t str\u00e1nky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ak s\u00fa tieto znaky v poriadku, viete, \u017ee komunik\u00e1cia medzi vami a str\u00e1nkou je chr\u00e1nen\u00e1 pred odpo\u010d\u00favan\u00edm.&nbsp;Ak niektor\u00fd z t\u00fdchto znakov ch\u00fdba, zosta\u0148te na str\u00e1nke, len ak si chcete pre\u010d\u00edta\u0165 jej obsah. Ale nezad\u00e1vajte tam rad\u0161ej \u017eiadne svoje \u00fadaje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Dom\u00e9na<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Venujte zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fa pozornos\u0165 tomu, ako vyzer\u00e1 dom\u00e9nov\u00e9 meno str\u00e1nky. \u0160ikovn\u00ed podvodn\u00edci do nej vedia prepa\u0161ova\u0165 bodku navy\u0161e, ktor\u00fa si v\u00f4bec nemus\u00edte v\u0161imn\u00fa\u0165, alebo zamenia p\u00edsmeno \u201em\u201c za \u201en\u201c, a podobne.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. \u00dadaje o prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013eovi webu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podvodn\u00fd web pochopite\u013ene nem\u00e1 z\u00e1ujem o komunik\u00e1ciu s pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013emi. Preto si skontrolujte, \u010di s\u00fa na webe uveden\u00e9 \u00fadaje o firme a kontakt na \u0148u. E-shop by mal ma\u0165 pod\u013ea z\u00e1kona zverejnen\u00e9 minim\u00e1lne tieto \u00fadaje:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>obchodn\u00e9 meno a s\u00eddlo,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>I\u010c DPH, ak je platite\u013eom dane z pridanej hodnoty,&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>adresu e-mailu a telef\u00f3nne \u010d\u00edslo,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ozna\u010denie registra, ktor\u00fd ho zap\u00edsal a \u010d\u00edslo z\u00e1pisu,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n\u00e1zov a adresu org\u00e1nu dozoru alebo doh\u013eadu, ktor\u00e9mu jeho \u010dinnos\u0165 podlieha (napr\u00edklad Slovensk\u00e1 obchodn\u00e1 in\u0161pekcia).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ak ich nen\u00e1jdete nikde na str\u00e1nke ani vo v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch obchodn\u00fdch\/zmluvn\u00fdch podmienkach, h\u013eadajte v inform\u00e1ci\u00e1ch o sprac\u00favan\u00ed osobn\u00fdch \u00fadajov. Tam tieto \u00fadaje musia by\u0165 aj spolu s kontaktom.&nbsp;Ak ni\u010d z toho na webe nen\u00e1jdete, ur\u010dite zbystrite pozornos\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4. Sp\u00f4sob platby<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V re\u00e1lnom \u017eivote by ste nedali na ulici peniaze \u00faplne nezn\u00e1memu \u010dloveku, ak v\u00e1m s\u013e\u00fabi, \u017ee v\u00e1m niekedy nejak\u00fd s\u013e\u00faben\u00fd tovar niekde dod\u00e1. Rovnako sa spr\u00e1vajte aj na internete. Ak ste na e-shope prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t, v\u0161imnite si, \u010di je mo\u017en\u00e9 zvoli\u0165 platbu na dobierku. Seri\u00f3zny e-shop by ju mal pon\u00faka\u0165, aj ke\u010f ako platen\u00fa slu\u017ebu. D\u00f4vera \u017eia\u013e nie je zadarmo. Rad\u0161ej pr\u00eds\u0165 o 1 euro navy\u0161e a dosta\u0165 svoj tovar, ako nema\u0165 ani tovar, ani peniaze.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5. Kontakt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kontaktn\u00e9 e-mailov\u00e9 adresy obchodn\u00edka vytvoren\u00e9 cez bezplatn\u00e9 e-mailov\u00e9 slu\u017eby tie\u017e nevzbudzuj\u00fa ve\u013ea d\u00f4very v seri\u00f3znos\u0165 jeho podnikania. Alebo ak m\u00e1 str\u00e1nka len anonymn\u00fd registra\u010dn\u00fd alebo kontaktn\u00fd formul\u00e1r a ni\u010d viac, rad\u0161ej ho nepou\u017e\u00edvajte a str\u00e1nku opustite. \u017diadny seri\u00f3zny obchodn\u00edk sa nepotrebuje skr\u00fdva\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6. Obsah a jazyk str\u00e1nky&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Posledn\u00fdm bodom je prezent\u00e1cia obchodn\u00edka. Je na str\u00e1nke zvl\u00e1\u0161tny jazyk a ve\u013ea gramatick\u00fdch \u010di pravopisn\u00fdch ch\u00fdb? Pon\u00faka str\u00e1nka bombastick\u00e9 z\u013eavy alebo r\u00fdchle s\u00fa\u0165a\u017ee a (podozrivo) vysok\u00e9 v\u00fdhry? S\u00fa na webe nepr\u00edjemne vyskakuj\u00face, blikaj\u00face, hraj\u00face reklamn\u00e9 bannery, ktor\u00e9 nemaj\u00fa so str\u00e1nkou ni\u010d spolo\u010dn\u00e9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Potom je na\u010dase ju rad\u0161ej opusti\u0165 a na ni\u010d neklika\u0165. T\u00fdm sa m\u00f4\u017eete tie\u017e vyhn\u00fa\u0165 infikovaniu v\u00e1\u0161ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010da malv\u00e9rom.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u010co \u010fal\u0161ie si viem overi\u0165?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ak m\u00e1te st\u00e1le pochybnosti o d\u00f4veryhodnosti webu alebo je to va\u0161a prv\u00e1 sk\u00fasenos\u0165 s n\u00edm a chyst\u00e1te sa mu poskytn\u00fa\u0165<strong> <\/strong>svoje platobn\u00e9 \u00fadaje, rad\u0161ej str\u00e1vte p\u00e1r min\u00fat navy\u0161e a overte si aj tieto \u010fal\u0161ie veci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Existuj\u00face probl\u00e9my s e-shopom<\/strong>: Ak si u\u017e niekto v\u0161imol podozriv\u00fd e-shop, \u010derpajte z toho. Dobrou pom\u00f4ckou m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 neust\u00e1le aktualizovan\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.coi.cz\/pro-spotrebitele\/rizikove-e-shopy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">zoznam r\u00f4znych rizikov\u00fdch e-shopov<\/a>, ktor\u00fd zverej\u0148uje <a href=\"https:\/\/www.coi.cz\/pro-spotrebitele\/rizikove-e-shopy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u010cesk\u00e1 obchodn\u00e1 in\u0161pekcia<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Referencie na firmu<\/strong>: Zadajte firmu alebo n\u00e1zov webu do vyh\u013ead\u00e1va\u010da a preklepnite si, \u010do o nej hovoria in\u00ed.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pravos\u0165 firmy<\/strong>: Pozrite sa do obchodn\u00e9ho registra \u0161t\u00e1tu, v ktorom m\u00e1 by\u0165 firma registrovan\u00e1. Zoznam odkazov na obchodn\u00e9 registre v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u010dlensk\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov, ako aj Islandu, Lichten\u0161tajnska a N\u00f3rska, n\u00e1jdete na <a href=\"https:\/\/e-justice.europa.eu\/content_business_registers_in_member_states-106-sk.do\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">str\u00e1nke Eur\u00f3pskej komisie<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dr\u017eite\u013e dom\u00e9ny<\/strong>: Overte si, na ak\u00fa firmu je dom\u00e9na registrovan\u00e1. T\u00e1to inform\u00e1cia o .sk dom\u00e9nach je dostupn\u00e1 v zozname n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho <a href=\"https:\/\/sk-nic.sk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">registr\u00e1tora SK-NIC<\/a>. Ak je majite\u013eom fyzick\u00e1 osoba, jej \u00fadaje sa nezverej\u0148uj\u00fa z d\u00f4vodu ochrany osobn\u00fdch \u00fadajov. SK-NIC v\u00e1m ale m\u00f4\u017ee tieto \u00fadaje poskytn\u00fa\u0165, ak o to po\u017eiadate pre \u00fa\u010dely ochrany va\u0161ich pr\u00e1v. Ostatn\u00e9 dom\u00e9ny si viete skontrolova\u0165 napr\u00edklad <a href=\"https:\/\/www.whois.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">v registri WHOIS<\/a>, ak nie s\u00fa tieto inform\u00e1cie skryt\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>D\u00e1tum registr\u00e1cie dom\u00e9ny:<\/strong> V rovnak\u00fdch registroch si viete pozrie\u0165 aj to, kedy bola dom\u00e9na registrovan\u00e1. Ak sa tak stalo pred t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148om a e-shop deklaruje stovky spokojn\u00fdch z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov, rad\u0161ej si n\u00e1kup poriadne zv\u00e1\u017ete.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>S\u00eddlo v map\u00e1ch: <\/strong>M\u00f4\u017eete si pozrie\u0165 aj s\u00eddlo firmy cez webov\u00fa slu\u017ebu alebo aplik\u00e1ciu, ktor\u00e9 poskytuj\u00fa pr\u00edstup k map\u00e1m.<strong> <\/strong>Ak je adresa s\u00eddla spr\u00e1vna, mali by ste ju n\u00e1js\u0165. A mo\u017eno sa v\u00e1m podar\u00ed overi\u0165 si, \u017ee tabu\u013eka firmy naozaj vis\u00ed tam, kde by mala.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Volajte<\/strong>: Ak je telef\u00f3nne \u010d\u00edslo zverejnen\u00e9, nie je ni\u010d \u013eah\u0161ie. Zdvihnite telef\u00f3n a overte si na vlastn\u00e9 u\u0161i, \u010di produkt alebo slu\u017ebu naozaj pon\u00fakaj\u00fa a ide o re\u00e1lnu firmu s re\u00e1lnym telef\u00f3nnym \u010d\u00edslom. Toto samozrejme urobte, len ak telef\u00f3nne \u010d\u00edslo nevyzer\u00e1 podozrivo, teda je z neho zrejm\u00e9, \u017ee m\u00e1 predponu zodpovedaj\u00facu \u0161t\u00e1tu, kde m\u00e1 firma s\u00eddlo (napr\u00edklad +421 pre Slovensko alebo +420 pre \u010cesk\u00fa republiku). M\u00f4\u017eete sa tak vyhn\u00fa\u0165 strate pe\u0148az\u00ed telefon\u00e1tom na podvodn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edsla, ktor\u00fdch jedin\u00fdm cie\u013eom m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 \u00fa\u010dtova\u0165 si za hovor vysok\u00e9 sumy pe\u0148az\u00ed.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u017diadny n\u00e1vod nie je univerz\u00e1lny&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nie v\u0161etky tieto kroky mus\u00edte urobi\u0165 pri ka\u017edom webe. A taktie\u017e myslite na to, \u017ee nie v\u0161etky podvodn\u00e9 weby vyzeraj\u00fa podvodne, ako aj \u017eia\u013e nie ka\u017ed\u00fd seri\u00f3zny web vyzer\u00e1 seri\u00f3zne. Je v\u0161ak u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 vedie\u0165, ak\u00e9 m\u00e1te mo\u017enosti, ak chcete by\u0165 obozretn\u00fd\/\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>M\u00e1te nejak\u00e9 vlastn\u00e9 tipy, ako sa chr\u00e1ni\u0165 pred podvodn\u00fdmi webmi? Pode\u013ete sa s ostatn\u00fdmi v koment\u00e1roch ni\u017e\u0161ie.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Vypo\u010dujte si na z\u00e1ver podcast o tom, ako sa vy\u0161etruj\u00fa kyberzlo\u010diny: <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-spotify wp-block-embed-spotify wp-embed-aspect-21-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Spotify Embed: Ako pol\u00edcia vy\u0161etruje kyberzlo\u010diny (mjr. Richard Vali\u010dek a kpt. Jan Dubec, Policie \u010cR)\" style=\"border-radius: 12px\" width=\"100%\" height=\"152\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/embed\/episode\/23WFwnpDyOhFkrcgzYwXGh?si=ace4d3b3e9814506&#038;utm_source=oembed\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>*Toto bol p\u00f4vodn\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok z roku 2021, ktor\u00fd sme doladili do aktu\u00e1lnej verzie.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Predstavte si, \u017ee ste na\u0161li skvel\u00fd inzertn\u00fd port\u00e1l alebo e-shop. Tie ceny, v\u00fdber, referencie&#8230; No, nek\u00fap to! Ve\u010f u\u0161etr\u00ed\u0161 a\u017e 70 % \u0161tandardnej ceny. Vyzer\u00e1 to a\u017e moc dobre? Tak rad\u0161ej zbystrite pozornos\u0165. 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